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April-June 2012 Volume 22 | Issue 2
Page Nos. 85-148
Online since Tuesday, September 18, 2012
Accessed 301,608 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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PNDT and other issues |
p. 85 |
Bhavin Jankharia DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101073 PMID:23162246 |
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INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY |
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Bipolar radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy of great saphenous vein: Our initial experience |
p. 86 |
Venkatesh Kasi, Tejas M Kalyanpur, Kaustubh Narsinghpura, Deyananda Chakravarthy, Pankaj Mehta, Mathew Cherian DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101075 PMID:23162247The incidence of varicose veins in lower limbs is increasing in the Indian subcontinent. With the advent of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), an effective minimally invasive technique is now available to treat varicose veins. RFA can be performed with either unipolar or bipolar probes. We present a simple technique for bipolar radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy of the great saphenous vein. This can be a safe and effective alternative to surgical procedures. |
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Technical Note: Thoracic duct embolization for treatment of chylothorax: A novel guidance technique for puncture using combined MRI and fluoroscopy |
p. 89 |
Alampath Praveen, Karumathil Pullara Sreekumar, Puthukudiyil Kader Nazar, Srikanth Moorthy DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101077 PMID:23162248Thoracic duct embolization (TDE) is an established radiological interventional procedure for thoracic duct injuries. Traditionally, it is done under fluoroscopic guidance after opacifying the thoracic duct with bipedal lymphangiography. We describe our experience in usinga heavily T2W sequence for guiding thoracic duct puncture and direct injection of glue through the puncture needle without cannulating the duct. |
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Noninvasive treatment of focal adenomyosis with MR-guided focused ultrasound in two patients |
p. 93 |
Laveena Polina, Vinay Nyapathy, Anindita Mishra, Himabindu Yellamanthili, Mythri P Vallabhaneni DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101078 PMID:23162249Adenomyosis is a common benign gynecological disorder presenting with dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, and pressure symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) utilizes precisely focused USG waves to generate and maintain high temperatures within the targeted tissue to achieve protein denaturation and coagulative necrosis. The heat generated is monitored using MRI images acquired in real-time in three planes. We present two cases of focal adenomyosis treated with MRgFUS showing good symptomatic relief at 3 and 6 months follow-up. |
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NEURORADIOLOGY |
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Pictorial essay: Acute neurological complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
p. 98 |
Seema A Kembhavi, Snehal Somvanshi, Shripad Banavali, Purna Kurkure, Brijesh Arora DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101080 PMID:23162250Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the commonest childhood malignancy with high cure rates due to recent advances in central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis. The disease per se, as well as the prophylactic therapy, predisposes the child to complications such as cerebrovascular events, infections, drug toxicities, etc. The purpose of this study is to highlight the pathophysiology and the imaging features (with appropriate examples) of these complications and to propose a diagnostic algorithm based on MRI. Interpreting these scans in the light of clinical inputs very often helps the radiologist reach an appropriate diagnosis and help treatment and management. |
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Diffusion-weighted MRI in acute posterior ischemic optic neuropathy |
p. 106 |
Sivasubramanian Srinivasan, Srikant Moorthy, KP Sreekumar, Chinmay Kulkarni DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101082 PMID:23162251Blindness following surgery, especially cardiac surgery, has been reported sporadically, the most common cause being ischemic optic neuropathy. The role of MRI in the diagnosis of this condition is not well established. We present a case of postoperative posterior ischemic optic neuropathy that was diagnosed on diffusion-weighted MRI. |
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Case Series: Long segment extra-arachnoid fluid collections: Role of dynamic CT myelography in diagnosis and treatment planning |
p. 108 |
Shehanaz Ellika, Horia Marin, Mitchell Pace, Daniel Newman, Muwaffak Abdulhak, Maximilian Kole DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101083 PMID:23162252We report five patients in whom spinal MRI revealed extra-arachnoid fluid collections. These spinal fluid collections most likely resulted from accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a dural leak. The patients presented with either compressive myelopathy due to the cyst or superficial siderosis (SS). All of these fluid collections were long segment, and MRI demonstrated the fluid collections but not the exact site of leak. Dynamic CT myelogram demonstrated the site of leak and helped in the management of these complicated cases. Moreover, we also found that the epicenter of the fluid collection on MRI was different from the location of the leak on a dynamic CT myelogram. Knowledge of these associations can be helpful when selecting the imaging studies to facilitate diagnosis and treatment. |
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GI IMAGING |
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Understanding the natural history of focal nodular hyperplasia in the liver with MRI |
p. 116 |
Jaydeep A Halankar, Tae Kyoung Kim, Hyun-Jung Jang, Korosh Khalili, Haider A Masoom DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101084 PMID:23162253Aims: To determine the incidence of natural growth or regression of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in the liver. Material and Methods: We retrospectively included 120 consecutive patients who were diagnosed to have FNH on MRI. The mean follow-up duration was 19 months (range: 6-64 months). There were 25 men and 95 women (age range: 18-80 years; mean: 45 years). There were 167 FNH lesions in the 120 patients. MRI images were retrospectively reviewed for interval growth or regression of FNH. The maximum size of the lesions was measured on axial arterial-phase images of the initial and the last MRI examinations. An interval increase or decrease in diameter of over 10% of the initial diameter was considered as positive growth or regression, respectively. The use of Oral contraceptives was also documented. Results: Interval growth was seen in 25/167 nodules (15%) over 7-48 months (mean: 21 months), with increase in size of 0.2-1.7 cm (mean: 0.6 cm) and percentage change of 10.5-340% (mean: 64%). Interval regression was seen in 13/167 (8%) of nodules over 7-63 months (mean: 22 months), with decrease in size of 0.2-0.9 cm (mean: 0.5 cm) and percentage change of 10.4-60% (mean: 24%).Five of 17 (29%) female patients with growing FNH and 25/78 (32%) female patients with non-growing FNH had a history of intake of oral contraceptives (P=0.83). Conclusions: Although FNH is benign and of no clinical significance, a substantial percentage of FNH shows interval growth or regression on long-term follow-up with MRI. |
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BOOK REVIEW |
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Magnetic Resonance Neurography |
p. 121 |
Darshana Sanghvi |
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LETTER TO THE EDITOR |
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Emoticons for radiologist |
p. 122 |
Navdeep Singh DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101093 PMID:23162254 |
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SPECIAL ISSUE - PC-PNDT |
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The sonologist and the sex ratio: Who is to blame? |
p. 123 |
Sanjeev Mani, Jignesh Thakker DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101095 PMID:23162255 |
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Guidelines for ultrasound owners and owners of clinics, diagnostic centres, nursing homes and hospitals  |
p. 125 |
Sanjeev Mani DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101102 PMID:23162256These are guidelines that are required for ultrasound owners for registration and use of ultrasound machines and are applicable across India. A brief description of the violations and penalties has also been listed. |
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Model F- form duly filled |
p. 129 |
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Social aspects of the declining girl ratios |
p. 131 |
Varsha Deshpande DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101113 PMID:23162257This article is a brief overview of the problems faced by Indian women since decades of social intolerance that has led to the gulf in the male: female sex ratio in our country. |
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The PC-PNDT act in a nutshell |
p. 133 |
Anita Bhaktwani DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101114 PMID:23162258 |
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Moving forward for the girl child |
p. 135 |
Supriya Sule DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101115 PMID:23162259 |
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A perspective on the PCPNDT Act |
p. 137 |
A Murali Mohan Patnaik, Gouri Shankar Kejriwal DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101116 PMID:23162260Background: An important modern diagnostic tool, used for monitoring pregnancy and genetic defects; the ultrasound machine, has also become a selective killer of the female child. The male child preference in India was responsible for female infanticides in the past. With easy availability and accessibility of USG, a shift has occurred from infanticide to feticide, although female infanticides still continue. In the process doctors are blamed as "merchants of death". Peeved and pressed by national and internal agencies for the declining female child ratio (0-6 years), the Government of India reacted by enacting a stringent PC-PNDT Act almost solely aimed at doctors to prevent them from advertising and disclosing the sex of the fetus to the pregnant woman or her relatives. Since the enactment, hundreds of cases have been launched against the doctors. Aims: 1. In order to stand up to the law important sections and rules of the PC-PNDT Act have been analyzed for the benefit of our colleagues. 2. The Indian legal system rests the "burden of proof" on the prosecution. In two sections of The Act, these have been done away with. Instead, the accused doctor has to prove himself innocent. Therefore a demand has been made to make suitable amendments to The Act in this regard. 3. The inclusion of column numbers 9-19 in the form 'F' is not relevant for USG clinics/ imaging centers; inaccurate filling of which may attract a prison sentence of 3 years. This irrelevance has to be deleted. 4. Some suggestions. |
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Important points in the PC-PNDT Act |
p. 141 |
Prashant Onkar, Kajal Mitra DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101117 PMID:23162261 |
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The PC-PNDT act: An attempt to gender equality: Radiologists' perspective |
p. 144 |
Shahina Bano, Vikas Chaudhary, Mahender K Narula, Bhuvaneswari Venkatesan DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101118 PMID:23162262 |
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Radiologists: The latest victims of an unfair system |
p. 146 |
Chandrashekhar Sohoni DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101119 PMID:23162263 |
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Relief from high court against restriction imposed by appropriate authority under PC-PNDT act on number of ultrasound centers visited by a Sonologist |
p. 148 |
Prashant Onkar, Kajal Mitra, Avinash Dhok DOI:10.4103/0971-3026.101120 PMID:23162264 |
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